Cover of All Fours
    Fiction

    All Fours

    by July;, Miranda
    Miranda July’s 2024 novel All Fours follows a 45-year-old semi-famous artist who disrupts her stable Los Angeles life with her husband and child by impulsively announcing a cross-country road trip. The journey becomes a catalyst for self-discovery as she grapples with midlife crises, sexual awakening, and perimenopause, culminating in an unexpected affair. Blending humor and poignancy, the novel explores themes of desire, identity, and the search for reinvention in middle age. July’s autofictional style and candid portrayal of female experience have drawn comparisons to a “perimenopause novel,” marking it as a distinctive entry in contemporary literature.

    The pro­tag­o­nist finds her­self in a beau­ti­ful­ly ren­o­vat­ed motel room, yet she feels trapped in a state of emo­tion­al lim­bo. Despite the com­fort of her sur­round­ings, she strug­gles with a sense of dis­place­ment, nei­ther at home nor ful­ly present in her new loca­tion. She ques­tions her pur­pose there, won­der­ing if she should chan­nel her ener­gy into work, but feels unin­spired and iso­lat­ed. Her only sus­te­nance is trail mix, and her com­mu­ni­ca­tion with Har­ris, who express­es relief at her safe arrival, under­scores her lin­ger­ing uncer­tain­ty about the jour­ney. The room’s beau­ty ampli­fies her inner tur­moil, leav­ing her adrift in a fog of unre­solved emo­tions.

    Her soli­tude is inter­rupt­ed by the sud­den noise of a Memo­r­i­al Day parade set­ting up out­side her motel. The fes­tive atmos­phere con­trasts sharply with her melan­cholic state, as she remains in bed, phys­i­cal­ly and emo­tion­al­ly drained. The dis­rup­tion high­lights her detach­ment from the world around her. The chap­ter then shifts to a poignant moment when Har­ris texts her on May 31st, Sam’s due date, a painful reminder of a shared loss. This brief exchange under­scores the deep, unspo­ken grief that con­tin­ues to bind them togeth­er, even as they nav­i­gate their sep­a­rate strug­gles.

    The nar­ra­tive flash­es back sev­en years to the trau­mat­ic birth of their baby, Sam. The pro­tag­o­nist recalls the urgency of the deliv­ery, the emer­gency C‑section, and the dev­as­tat­ing real­iza­tion that some­thing was wrong. The clin­i­cal detach­ment of the med­ical staff con­trasts with her vis­cer­al fear and des­per­a­tion. She describes the sur­re­al expe­ri­ence of see­ing her tiny, pale baby on a tray, uncer­tain if it was alive, while the med­ical team worked fran­ti­cal­ly. The absence of clear answers and the rar­i­ty of the complication—fetal-maternal hemorrhage—leave her grasp­ing for under­stand­ing, a need unmet by the dis­mis­sive nurse.

    In the after­math, the pro­tag­o­nist and Har­ris retreat into a pri­vate world of grief, their shared pain cre­at­ing an unbreak­able bond. They avoid shar­ing their ordeal with oth­ers, pre­fer­ring the sanc­ti­ty of their mutu­al suf­fer­ing. The chap­ter clos­es with her tex­ting Har­ris in response to his mes­sage, a sim­ple yet pro­found acknowl­edg­ment of their loss. Their silent sol­i­dar­i­ty and the weight of their unspo­ken grief linger, paint­ing a haunt­ing por­trait of love, trau­ma, and the search for mean­ing in the face of inex­plic­a­ble tragedy.

    FAQs

    • 1. How does the narrator’s experience in the renovated motel room reflect her emotional state after arriving in New York?

      Answer:
      The narrator’s experience in the beautiful yet isolating motel room mirrors her emotional limbo and existential crisis. Despite the room’s aesthetic appeal, she feels trapped in a “terrible purgatory”—neither at home nor truly present in her new location (page 61). Her inability to work or find inspiration amplifies her sense of displacement, and the contrast between the room’s beauty and her inner turmoil (“the fugue louder, worse”) underscores her unresolved grief and disconnection. Her reliance on trail mix and TV avoidance further illustrates her emotional paralysis.

      2. Analyze the significance of the Memorial Day parade scene in relation to the narrator’s personal trauma.

      Answer:
      The sudden chaos of the Memorial Day parade outside her window (page 62) serves as an intrusive reminder of time passing and collective memory, contrasting sharply with her private grief. While the town celebrates a public memorial, the narrator silently marks Sam’s due date—a personal memorial. The “achy feeling” in her limbs suggests somaticized grief, and the parade’s forced cheer highlights her isolation. This juxtaposition emphasizes how trauma exists outside societal rituals, with the narrator’s pain rendered invisible amid communal festivity.

      3. How does the flashback to Sam’s birth reveal the narrator’s coping mechanisms for trauma?

      Answer:
      The birth flashback reveals the narrator’s reliance on control, information-seeking, and dark humor to process trauma. Facing a life-threatening emergency, she adopts clinical detachment (“elegantly like astronauts”) and demands immediate action (page 62). Later, her insistence on medical explanations (“a pamphlet or piece of paper”) and search for statistical odds reflects an attempt to rationalize the irrational (page 63). The nurse’s blunt “chat room of mothers with stillborn babies” remark shatters this defense, forcing her to confront the emotional reality. Her and Harris’s silent salute ritual becomes a coded language for shared grief.

      4. What does the fetal-maternal hemorrhage incident suggest about the themes of guilt and randomness in the chapter?

      Answer:
      The hemorrhage epitomizes the novel’s exploration of senseless suffering. The nurse’s statement that it sometimes happens “for no reason” (page 63) destabilizes the narrator’s need for causality, mirroring her broader existential crisis. Her immediate rejection of this explanation (“not going to be good enough”) reveals resistance to accepting life’s arbitrariness. The absence of medical literature or support groups for this “very rare” event further isolates her, compounding guilt with the impossibility of closure. This moment crystallizes the central tension between seeking meaning and confronting chaos.

      5. How does the text message exchange about Sam’s due date illustrate the evolution of the narrator and Harris’s relationship?

      Answer:
      Their terse, ritualistic text exchange (“Happy May 31”/“same to you”) demonstrates how grief has reshaped their communication (page 64). The brevity contrasts with earlier, more vulnerable texts about the drive, showing how trauma has forged a private language of endurance. Their shared silence in the hospital (“our new reality descending like night”) now extends to digital space, where unspoken understanding replaces elaboration. This reflects both the depth of their connection and the limitations of language in expressing profound loss—their “elegant choreography” now reduced to minimalist acknowledgments of pain.

    Quotes

    • 1. “As the sun set it seemed I had, that I was stuck in some terrible purgatory, neither here nor there, not home but not really anywhere else.”

      This quote captures the protagonist’s profound sense of dislocation and existential limbo upon arriving in New York. It reflects the emotional core of the chapter—the struggle to find purpose or belonging in a transitional space, both physically and psychologically.

      2. “I would’ve cut myself open if that’s what it took.”

      A raw declaration of maternal instinct during the emergency birth scene. This line underscores the protagonist’s desperation and agency in a life-or-death situation, contrasting sharply with the clinical detachment of the medical staff.

      3. “No reason. Well, that wasn’t going to be good enough to last me for the rest of my life.”

      This reaction to the nurse’s explanation of the random tragedy reveals the protagonist’s refusal to accept meaninglessness. It foreshadows her ongoing struggle to reconcile with trauma and the human need for narrative in suffering.

      4. “That would be a chat room of mothers with stillborn babies.”

      The nurse’s blunt statement delivers the chapter’s most devastating realization. Its clinical tone amplifies the horror, marking the moment when the protagonist fully confronts the potential outcome of her child’s condition.

      5. “Our pain was ecstatic! We were of one mind, waiting and praying in concert; us against the surreal world we saw out the car window.”

      This paradoxical description of shared grief beautifully captures how trauma created an intense, almost transcendent bond between the protagonist and Harris. It reveals how crisis can simultaneously isolate people from the world and unite them in private understanding.

    Quotes

    1. “As the sun set it seemed I had, that I was stuck in some terrible purgatory, neither here nor there, not home but not really anywhere else.”

    This quote captures the protagonist’s profound sense of dislocation and existential limbo upon arriving in New York. It reflects the emotional core of the chapter—the struggle to find purpose or belonging in a transitional space, both physically and psychologically.

    2. “I would’ve cut myself open if that’s what it took.”

    A raw declaration of maternal instinct during the emergency birth scene. This line underscores the protagonist’s desperation and agency in a life-or-death situation, contrasting sharply with the clinical detachment of the medical staff.

    3. “No reason. Well, that wasn’t going to be good enough to last me for the rest of my life.”

    This reaction to the nurse’s explanation of the random tragedy reveals the protagonist’s refusal to accept meaninglessness. It foreshadows her ongoing struggle to reconcile with trauma and the human need for narrative in suffering.

    4. “That would be a chat room of mothers with stillborn babies.”

    The nurse’s blunt statement delivers the chapter’s most devastating realization. Its clinical tone amplifies the horror, marking the moment when the protagonist fully confronts the potential outcome of her child’s condition.

    5. “Our pain was ecstatic! We were of one mind, waiting and praying in concert; us against the surreal world we saw out the car window.”

    This paradoxical description of shared grief beautifully captures how trauma created an intense, almost transcendent bond between the protagonist and Harris. It reveals how crisis can simultaneously isolate people from the world and unite them in private understanding.

    FAQs

    1. How does the narrator’s experience in the renovated motel room reflect her emotional state after arriving in New York?

    Answer:
    The narrator’s experience in the beautiful yet isolating motel room mirrors her emotional limbo and existential crisis. Despite the room’s aesthetic appeal, she feels trapped in a “terrible purgatory”—neither at home nor truly present in her new location (page 61). Her inability to work or find inspiration amplifies her sense of displacement, and the contrast between the room’s beauty and her inner turmoil (“the fugue louder, worse”) underscores her unresolved grief and disconnection. Her reliance on trail mix and TV avoidance further illustrates her emotional paralysis.

    2. Analyze the significance of the Memorial Day parade scene in relation to the narrator’s personal trauma.

    Answer:
    The sudden chaos of the Memorial Day parade outside her window (page 62) serves as an intrusive reminder of time passing and collective memory, contrasting sharply with her private grief. While the town celebrates a public memorial, the narrator silently marks Sam’s due date—a personal memorial. The “achy feeling” in her limbs suggests somaticized grief, and the parade’s forced cheer highlights her isolation. This juxtaposition emphasizes how trauma exists outside societal rituals, with the narrator’s pain rendered invisible amid communal festivity.

    3. How does the flashback to Sam’s birth reveal the narrator’s coping mechanisms for trauma?

    Answer:
    The birth flashback reveals the narrator’s reliance on control, information-seeking, and dark humor to process trauma. Facing a life-threatening emergency, she adopts clinical detachment (“elegantly like astronauts”) and demands immediate action (page 62). Later, her insistence on medical explanations (“a pamphlet or piece of paper”) and search for statistical odds reflects an attempt to rationalize the irrational (page 63). The nurse’s blunt “chat room of mothers with stillborn babies” remark shatters this defense, forcing her to confront the emotional reality. Her and Harris’s silent salute ritual becomes a coded language for shared grief.

    4. What does the fetal-maternal hemorrhage incident suggest about the themes of guilt and randomness in the chapter?

    Answer:
    The hemorrhage epitomizes the novel’s exploration of senseless suffering. The nurse’s statement that it sometimes happens “for no reason” (page 63) destabilizes the narrator’s need for causality, mirroring her broader existential crisis. Her immediate rejection of this explanation (“not going to be good enough”) reveals resistance to accepting life’s arbitrariness. The absence of medical literature or support groups for this “very rare” event further isolates her, compounding guilt with the impossibility of closure. This moment crystallizes the central tension between seeking meaning and confronting chaos.

    5. How does the text message exchange about Sam’s due date illustrate the evolution of the narrator and Harris’s relationship?

    Answer:
    Their terse, ritualistic text exchange (“Happy May 31”/“same to you”) demonstrates how grief has reshaped their communication (page 64). The brevity contrasts with earlier, more vulnerable texts about the drive, showing how trauma has forged a private language of endurance. Their shared silence in the hospital (“our new reality descending like night”) now extends to digital space, where unspoken understanding replaces elaboration. This reflects both the depth of their connection and the limitations of language in expressing profound loss—their “elegant choreography” now reduced to minimalist acknowledgments of pain.

    Note