Cover of All Fours
    Fiction

    All Fours

    by July;, Miranda
    Miranda July’s 2024 novel All Fours follows a 45-year-old semi-famous artist who disrupts her stable Los Angeles life with her husband and child by impulsively announcing a cross-country road trip. The journey becomes a catalyst for self-discovery as she grapples with midlife crises, sexual awakening, and perimenopause, culminating in an unexpected affair. Blending humor and poignancy, the novel explores themes of desire, identity, and the search for reinvention in middle age. July’s autofictional style and candid portrayal of female experience have drawn comparisons to a “perimenopause novel,” marking it as a distinctive entry in contemporary literature.

    The chap­ter opens with the pro­tag­o­nist lying motion­less in a hotel bed, savor­ing the rare absence of respon­si­bil­i­ty. Freed from the dai­ly demands of parenting—making meals,催促孩子穿鞋刷牙—she embraces the weight­less­ness of soli­tude. Her rever­ie is inter­rupt­ed by a house­keep­er named Helen, who informs her she’s over­due for check­out. Unfazed, the pro­tag­o­nist opts to pay for anoth­er day, declin­ing house­keep­ing ser­vices. This scene under­scores her delib­er­ate with­draw­al from rou­tine and her reluc­tance to reen­gage with struc­ture.

    Lat­er, she vis­its an antique mall, drawn to a lux­u­ri­ous salmon-col­ored bed­spread from the 1920s. A nego­ti­a­tion with the old­er female sell­er sparks a surge of irra­tional hatred, which quick­ly shifts to grudg­ing admi­ra­tion. The protagonist’s inter­nal con­flict reveals her inse­cu­ri­ties about aging and self-worth. Despite ini­tial­ly low­balling the price, she pays the full $200, lat­er reflect­ing on the seller’s shrewd­ness and her own impul­sive bar­gain­ing. The trans­ac­tion becomes a metaphor for her broad­er strug­gles with desire and self-denial.

    After pur­chas­ing the bed­spread, she takes it to a dry clean­er, ground­ing her oth­er­wise aim­less day with a tan­gi­ble com­mit­ment. The errand lends her a fleet­ing sense of pur­pose, though she mus­es on the fragili­ty of her plans. Return­ing to the hotel, she unpacks, steam­ing her clothes and curat­ing out­fits that bal­ance vin­tage and mod­ern styles. Her metic­u­lous atten­tion to fash­ion reflects a deep­er anx­i­ety about being per­ceived as out­dat­ed or irrel­e­vant, par­tic­u­lar­ly by younger gen­er­a­tions.

    The chap­ter clos­es with her wan­der­ing Mon­rovia in a red shirt­waist dress, observ­ing teenage girls with a mix of detach­ment and unease. Her self-con­scious­ness about aging cul­mi­nates in a per­for­ma­tive act: pre­tend­ing to be a for­eign­er to avoid judg­ment. This final ges­ture encap­su­lates her exis­ten­tial dissonance—caught between crav­ing free­dom and grap­pling with invis­i­bil­i­ty, between past desires and present real­i­ties.

    FAQs

    • 1. How does the narrator describe her experience of sudden freedom from domestic responsibilities in the hotel room?

      Answer:
      The narrator describes the absence of domestic duties as a “floaty, frothy, almost hallucinogenic weightlessness.” She contrasts this with her usual morning routine of preparing meals, packing lunches, and managing her children’s tasks like putting on shoes and brushing teeth. The relief from these responsibilities creates a surreal sense of liberation, allowing her to lie motionless for hours without guilt, as she frames this inactivity as still contributing to her broader goal (presumably her journey or personal growth).

      2. Analyze the narrator’s shifting attitudes toward the antique dealer during their interaction about the bedspread. What does this reveal about her character?

      Answer:
      The narrator initially feels intense hatred toward the older woman for what she perceives as arbitrary pricing (“these ‘free spirits’ who thought they could just invent the value of things”). However, this quickly shifts to admiration when she recognizes the dealer’s confidence and experience (“Who better to decide the worth of things?”). This whiplash reflects the narrator’s internal conflict—her tendency to judge harshly but also her capacity for self-awareness and humility. Her eventual willingness to pay full price, despite feeling slighted, underscores her desire for validation and her complex relationship with aging and authority.

      3. What significance does the narrator attach to clothing and appearance in this chapter, particularly regarding age?

      Answer:
      The narrator meticulously curates her wardrobe to avoid appearing dated or “mistaken for an elderly woman wearing clothes from the 1960s of her youth.” She emphasizes balancing vintage pieces with modern elements to signal contemporaneity, reflecting her anxiety about aging and invisibility. Her mention of Patti Smith’s album cover—misinterpreting black-and-white photography as a sign of historical distance—highlights how unconscious biases shape perceptions of age. Her method of checking her outfit via a “blur” in the mirror further reveals her preoccupation with how others might perceive her vitality and relevance.

      4. How does the narrator’s encounter with the housekeeper, Helen, contrast with her interaction with the antique dealer?

      Answer:
      With Helen, the narrator is passive and indifferent, barely engaging despite Helen’s directness about checkout times and cleaning services. In contrast, her interaction with the antique dealer is charged with emotional volatility—resentment, negotiation, and eventual submission. This juxtaposition reveals the narrator’s selective investment in relationships: she dismisses service workers but becomes deeply entangled with those who symbolize aspects of herself (e.g., the dealer as an older, confident woman). Helen’s practicality (“Checkout is eleven o’clock”) also starkly contrasts with the dealer’s subjective valuation of the bedspread, highlighting different modes of authority.

      5. Critical Thinking: The narrator mentions “walking the wrong way” as a metaphor for her life choices. How does this chapter explore themes of agency and randomness?

      Answer:
      The narrator reflects on how little effort it took to arrive at her current state (“I had done almost nothing to end up here”). Her dry-cleaning claim stub becomes a flimsy placeholder for purpose, underscoring the fragility of self-constructed meaning. The bedspread purchase—an impulsive yet deeply symbolic act—exemplifies how her desires clash with practicality. The chapter suggests that her journey is less a deliberate quest than a series of accidents, revealing her simultaneous craving for control (e.g., curating her appearance) and her surrender to chaos (e.g., extending her hotel stay). This tension mirrors broader existential questions about choice and chance.

    Quotes

    • 1. “The sudden absence of responsibility was a floaty, frothy, almost hallucinogenic weightlessness. No one to make breakfast for, no need to pack a five-part bento box lunch, no need to yell Put on your shoes! Brush your teeth!”

      This quote captures the protagonist’s revelatory experience of freedom from domestic responsibilities, using vivid sensory language to convey the surreal relief of escaping routine. It establishes the chapter’s central theme of self-discovery through liberation from expected roles.

      2. “It was the sort of very feminine and decadent thing I’d wanted my whole life; I was so good at knowing what I wanted and then choosing something else at the very last second.”

      This introspective moment reveals the protagonist’s lifelong pattern of self-denial regarding desires, particularly around femininity and indulgence. The bedspread becomes symbolic of both her aspirations and her self-sabotaging tendencies.

      3. “Sometimes my hatred of older women almost knocked me over, it came on so abruptly. These ‘free spirits’ who thought they could just invent the value of things.”

      This raw admission exposes the protagonist’s complex relationship with aging and female authority. The sudden emotional shift from hatred to admiration that follows demonstrates her evolving perspective on maturity and self-worth.

      4. “Everyone thinks they’re so securely bound into their lives. Really I had done almost nothing to end up here. I had walked the wrong way around the block and then gone the wrong direction on the freeway.”

      This philosophical reflection highlights the chapter’s existential theme about the fragility of identity and life paths. The protagonist recognizes how easily conventional existence can be disrupted or reinvented.

      5. “A good way to check your outfit is by running past the mirror, or better yet, make a video of yourself running past your phone. How old was that blur of a woman? Was she from the past or was she modern? And where was she going in such a hurry?”

      This metaphorical passage beautifully encapsulates the protagonist’s anxiety about aging and relevance. The imagery of the “blur” represents her struggle to define herself between past and present identities.

    Quotes

    1. “The sudden absence of responsibility was a floaty, frothy, almost hallucinogenic weightlessness. No one to make breakfast for, no need to pack a five-part bento box lunch, no need to yell Put on your shoes! Brush your teeth!”

    This quote captures the protagonist’s revelatory experience of freedom from domestic responsibilities, using vivid sensory language to convey the surreal relief of escaping routine. It establishes the chapter’s central theme of self-discovery through liberation from expected roles.

    2. “It was the sort of very feminine and decadent thing I’d wanted my whole life; I was so good at knowing what I wanted and then choosing something else at the very last second.”

    This introspective moment reveals the protagonist’s lifelong pattern of self-denial regarding desires, particularly around femininity and indulgence. The bedspread becomes symbolic of both her aspirations and her self-sabotaging tendencies.

    3. “Sometimes my hatred of older women almost knocked me over, it came on so abruptly. These ‘free spirits’ who thought they could just invent the value of things.”

    This raw admission exposes the protagonist’s complex relationship with aging and female authority. The sudden emotional shift from hatred to admiration that follows demonstrates her evolving perspective on maturity and self-worth.

    4. “Everyone thinks they’re so securely bound into their lives. Really I had done almost nothing to end up here. I had walked the wrong way around the block and then gone the wrong direction on the freeway.”

    This philosophical reflection highlights the chapter’s existential theme about the fragility of identity and life paths. The protagonist recognizes how easily conventional existence can be disrupted or reinvented.

    5. “A good way to check your outfit is by running past the mirror, or better yet, make a video of yourself running past your phone. How old was that blur of a woman? Was she from the past or was she modern? And where was she going in such a hurry?”

    This metaphorical passage beautifully encapsulates the protagonist’s anxiety about aging and relevance. The imagery of the “blur” represents her struggle to define herself between past and present identities.

    FAQs

    1. How does the narrator describe her experience of sudden freedom from domestic responsibilities in the hotel room?

    Answer:
    The narrator describes the absence of domestic duties as a “floaty, frothy, almost hallucinogenic weightlessness.” She contrasts this with her usual morning routine of preparing meals, packing lunches, and managing her children’s tasks like putting on shoes and brushing teeth. The relief from these responsibilities creates a surreal sense of liberation, allowing her to lie motionless for hours without guilt, as she frames this inactivity as still contributing to her broader goal (presumably her journey or personal growth).

    2. Analyze the narrator’s shifting attitudes toward the antique dealer during their interaction about the bedspread. What does this reveal about her character?

    Answer:
    The narrator initially feels intense hatred toward the older woman for what she perceives as arbitrary pricing (“these ‘free spirits’ who thought they could just invent the value of things”). However, this quickly shifts to admiration when she recognizes the dealer’s confidence and experience (“Who better to decide the worth of things?”). This whiplash reflects the narrator’s internal conflict—her tendency to judge harshly but also her capacity for self-awareness and humility. Her eventual willingness to pay full price, despite feeling slighted, underscores her desire for validation and her complex relationship with aging and authority.

    3. What significance does the narrator attach to clothing and appearance in this chapter, particularly regarding age?

    Answer:
    The narrator meticulously curates her wardrobe to avoid appearing dated or “mistaken for an elderly woman wearing clothes from the 1960s of her youth.” She emphasizes balancing vintage pieces with modern elements to signal contemporaneity, reflecting her anxiety about aging and invisibility. Her mention of Patti Smith’s album cover—misinterpreting black-and-white photography as a sign of historical distance—highlights how unconscious biases shape perceptions of age. Her method of checking her outfit via a “blur” in the mirror further reveals her preoccupation with how others might perceive her vitality and relevance.

    4. How does the narrator’s encounter with the housekeeper, Helen, contrast with her interaction with the antique dealer?

    Answer:
    With Helen, the narrator is passive and indifferent, barely engaging despite Helen’s directness about checkout times and cleaning services. In contrast, her interaction with the antique dealer is charged with emotional volatility—resentment, negotiation, and eventual submission. This juxtaposition reveals the narrator’s selective investment in relationships: she dismisses service workers but becomes deeply entangled with those who symbolize aspects of herself (e.g., the dealer as an older, confident woman). Helen’s practicality (“Checkout is eleven o’clock”) also starkly contrasts with the dealer’s subjective valuation of the bedspread, highlighting different modes of authority.

    5. Critical Thinking: The narrator mentions “walking the wrong way” as a metaphor for her life choices. How does this chapter explore themes of agency and randomness?

    Answer:
    The narrator reflects on how little effort it took to arrive at her current state (“I had done almost nothing to end up here”). Her dry-cleaning claim stub becomes a flimsy placeholder for purpose, underscoring the fragility of self-constructed meaning. The bedspread purchase—an impulsive yet deeply symbolic act—exemplifies how her desires clash with practicality. The chapter suggests that her journey is less a deliberate quest than a series of accidents, revealing her simultaneous craving for control (e.g., curating her appearance) and her surrender to chaos (e.g., extending her hotel stay). This tension mirrors broader existential questions about choice and chance.

    Note