Cover of Martyr!
    Poetry

    Martyr!

    by Kaveh Akbar
    “Martyr!” by Kaveh Akbar follows Cyrus Shams, a first-generation Iranian American poet grappling with addiction, grief, and identity after his mother’s death in a U.S. government-related plane bombing. The novel traces Cyrus’s journey as he seeks meaning through art, faith, and encounters with figures like a terminally ill artist in the Brooklyn Museum. Themes of legacy, sacrifice, and the immigrant experience are explored through Cyrus’s introspective quest, blending personal tragedy with broader existential questions. Akbar’s debut novel is noted for its lyrical prose and examination of how individuals navigate pain and purpose.

    The chap­ter opens with Cyrus Shams wak­ing up dis­ori­ent­ed in a Brook­lyn hotel room, cold and wet from hav­ing uri­nat­ed in his bed—a relapse of an old habit from his drink­ing days. Despite being sober now, the inci­dent floods him with famil­iar shame and self-loathing, along with the prac­ti­cal dread of incon­ve­nienc­ing the hotel staff. Cyrus reflects on how these feel­ings were once rou­tine dur­ing his alco­holism, inter­twined with rit­u­als of hid­ing his mess­es. The episode trig­gers a wave of exis­ten­tial despair, mak­ing him wish to escape the bur­den of liv­ing with­out active­ly seek­ing death.

    Cyrus rem­i­nisces about his friend­ship with Zee, recall­ing their reck­less, intox­i­cat­ed nights filled with laugh­ter, music, and fleet­ing moments of pro­found emo­tion­al con­nec­tion. Their bond was so strong that even embar­rass­ing inci­dents like bed-wet­ting would have been laughed off. He thinks of a per­ma­nent mark­er mes­sage he once left on Zee’s mir­ror dur­ing a black­out: “We can wear these crowns for­ev­er.” These mem­o­ries con­trast sharply with his cur­rent lone­li­ness, as Zee is absent and their friend­ship seems frac­tured. Cyrus feels adrift, ques­tion­ing the point of his sobri­ety and cre­ative efforts when they haven’t alle­vi­at­ed his suf­fer­ing.

    The nar­ra­tive delves into Cyrus’s strug­gle with self-pity, a sen­ti­ment he knows is tox­ic for his recov­ery, as empha­sized in the AA Big Book. He grap­ples with resent­ment toward his stalled writ­ing project, his strained rela­tion­ship with his spon­sor, and the seem­ing mean­ing­less­ness of his life. His despair feels iso­lat­ing, as most peo­ple dis­miss his sad­ness, while Zee was the only one who ever sat with him in qui­et sol­i­dar­i­ty. Cyrus’s attempt to ratio­nal­ize his feel­ings only deep­ens his despon­den­cy, leav­ing him feel­ing hol­low and dis­con­nect­ed from any sense of pur­pose.

    In the after­math, Cyrus mechan­i­cal­ly address­es the con­se­quences of his acci­dent, leav­ing mon­ey and an apolo­getic note for the maid. The chap­ter clos­es with a sur­re­al inter­ac­tion at check­out, where the hotel clerk’s uncon­ven­tion­al question—“Did you make any­thing cool while you were here?”—jars Cyrus, high­light­ing his cre­ative stag­na­tion. The encounter under­scores his unre­solved ten­sion between out­ward com­pli­ance with recov­ery and his inner tur­moil, leav­ing him ques­tion­ing whether sobri­ety has tru­ly brought him clos­er to heal­ing or mere­ly exposed deep­er voids.

    FAQs

    • 1. How does Cyrus’s bed-wetting incident reveal his emotional state and history with addiction?

      Answer:
      The bed-wetting incident serves as a powerful trigger for Cyrus, immediately transporting him back to the darkest days of his alcoholism when such accidents were frequent. The chapter describes how this event floods him with familiar feelings of shame, self-loathing, and the desperate urge to avoid consequences—emotions he associated with active addiction. Despite being sober now, the incident makes him question the efficacy of his recovery, as he feels he’s “doing everything right” yet still ends up mired in familiar shame. This moment also highlights his emotional fragility following Zee’s absence, as he lacks his usual support system to help process these feelings.

      2. Analyze the significance of Cyrus and Zee’s friendship as portrayed through their shared history of substance use.

      Answer:
      The chapter presents Cyrus and Zee’s bond as deeply intertwined with their substance use, where intoxication served as both a bonding mechanism and emotional outlet. Their “warm dawn of friendship” was marked by reckless abandon—blackouts, drug use, and delirious emotional highs where they’d weep at beauty. These shared experiences created intimacy, as evidenced by Cyrus’s drunken mirror drawing (“We can wear these crowns forever”) that became a lasting symbol of their connection. However, the narrative also suggests this friendship dynamic changed with sobriety, leaving Cyrus struggling to navigate emotional distress without their former coping mechanisms or Zee’s supportive presence.

      3. How does the chapter portray the concept of “dubious luxuries” in relation to Cyrus’s recovery journey?

      Answer:
      The chapter references an AA concept that normal people can afford “dubious luxuries” like self-pity and resentment, but for alcoholics, these emotions are poison. Cyrus finds himself indulging in these very emotions—wallowing in self-pity after the bed-wetting incident and resentment toward his fractured relationships. This internal conflict highlights his shaky commitment to recovery principles. The passage reveals his intellectual understanding of recovery concepts (“he remembered it called them ‘the grouch and the brainstorm’”), yet his emotional state makes him question their efficacy, demonstrating the ongoing tension between recovery dogma and lived experience.

      4. What does Cyrus’s interaction with the hotel staff reveal about his character and current psychological state?

      Answer:
      Cyrus’s meticulous handling of the bed-wetting aftermath—leaving $40 for the maid with an apologetic note, deliberating over the amount—reveals both his enduring conscientiousness and profound isolation. While he performs considerate actions, he does so without human connection, wincing at his own awkward gesture. The front desk interaction with Hua underscores his emotional vulnerability; when asked “Did you make anything cool while you were here?” instead of a standard hotel query, Cyrus is caught off guard—perhaps because his creative stagnation and emotional turmoil make the question painfully ironic. These interactions emphasize how even routine exchanges feel destabilizing in his fragile state.

      5. How does the author use physical sensations and imagery to convey Cyrus’s emotional experience in this chapter?

      Answer:
      The chapter masterfully employs physical sensations to mirror emotional states. Cyrus wakes to “cold, heavy, wet”—sensations that immediately translate to emotional weight. The “lakewater flooding into a sinking car” metaphor viscerally conveys his overwhelming shame. Later, shower imagery shifts from his usual dream fragments (a girl with a black coin, a pink lamb) to barren emptiness—”all he saw was the backs of his eyes”—symbolizing creative and emotional drought. The “scalding” coffee he drinks without care reflects his numbness to physical discomfort amid psychological pain. These sensory details create a visceral portrait of depression where bodily and emotional experiences blur.

    Quotes

    • 1. “Cyrus woke up the next morning cold, heavy. Wet too, he soon realized, though it took a moment, with cold and heavy being so much of wet.

      This opening line powerfully captures Cyrus’s physical and emotional state after a night of distress, using visceral language to convey the weight of his shame and self-loathing.

      2. “He wanted, acutely in that moment, to be not-alive. Not to be dead, not to kill himself, but to have the burden of living lifted from his shoulders.”

      This poignant reflection reveals Cyrus’s deep existential despair, distinguishing between active suicidal ideation and the passive wish to escape life’s burdens - a crucial insight into his mental state.

      3. “Nights of weeping in the moonlight because it was so beautiful to love and feel the world as deeply as they did, so unexpected and rare.”

      This nostalgic memory contrasts sharply with Cyrus’s current isolation, highlighting both the intensity of his past friendship with Zee and the depth of what he’s lost.

      4. “A meaningless life meant a meaningless death. He wasn’t even sure if he believed that, but his current state had increased his tolerance for despondent generalizing.”

      This philosophical musing captures Cyrus’s crisis of purpose, showing how his depression distorts his perception of life’s value while acknowledging the unreliability of such thoughts.

      5. “When Cyrus closed his eyes, all he saw was the backs of his eyes. He felt desiccated… ‘inside my heart is a little man with a broken heart.’”

      This metaphorical self-description beautifully conveys Cyrus’s emotional emptiness and the recursive nature of his pain, using striking imagery to depict his inner state.

    Quotes

    1. “Cyrus woke up the next morning cold, heavy. Wet too, he soon realized, though it took a moment, with cold and heavy being so much of wet.

    This opening line powerfully captures Cyrus’s physical and emotional state after a night of distress, using visceral language to convey the weight of his shame and self-loathing.

    2. “He wanted, acutely in that moment, to be not-alive. Not to be dead, not to kill himself, but to have the burden of living lifted from his shoulders.”

    This poignant reflection reveals Cyrus’s deep existential despair, distinguishing between active suicidal ideation and the passive wish to escape life’s burdens - a crucial insight into his mental state.

    3. “Nights of weeping in the moonlight because it was so beautiful to love and feel the world as deeply as they did, so unexpected and rare.”

    This nostalgic memory contrasts sharply with Cyrus’s current isolation, highlighting both the intensity of his past friendship with Zee and the depth of what he’s lost.

    4. “A meaningless life meant a meaningless death. He wasn’t even sure if he believed that, but his current state had increased his tolerance for despondent generalizing.”

    This philosophical musing captures Cyrus’s crisis of purpose, showing how his depression distorts his perception of life’s value while acknowledging the unreliability of such thoughts.

    5. “When Cyrus closed his eyes, all he saw was the backs of his eyes. He felt desiccated… ‘inside my heart is a little man with a broken heart.’”

    This metaphorical self-description beautifully conveys Cyrus’s emotional emptiness and the recursive nature of his pain, using striking imagery to depict his inner state.

    FAQs

    1. How does Cyrus’s bed-wetting incident reveal his emotional state and history with addiction?

    Answer:
    The bed-wetting incident serves as a powerful trigger for Cyrus, immediately transporting him back to the darkest days of his alcoholism when such accidents were frequent. The chapter describes how this event floods him with familiar feelings of shame, self-loathing, and the desperate urge to avoid consequences—emotions he associated with active addiction. Despite being sober now, the incident makes him question the efficacy of his recovery, as he feels he’s “doing everything right” yet still ends up mired in familiar shame. This moment also highlights his emotional fragility following Zee’s absence, as he lacks his usual support system to help process these feelings.

    2. Analyze the significance of Cyrus and Zee’s friendship as portrayed through their shared history of substance use.

    Answer:
    The chapter presents Cyrus and Zee’s bond as deeply intertwined with their substance use, where intoxication served as both a bonding mechanism and emotional outlet. Their “warm dawn of friendship” was marked by reckless abandon—blackouts, drug use, and delirious emotional highs where they’d weep at beauty. These shared experiences created intimacy, as evidenced by Cyrus’s drunken mirror drawing (“We can wear these crowns forever”) that became a lasting symbol of their connection. However, the narrative also suggests this friendship dynamic changed with sobriety, leaving Cyrus struggling to navigate emotional distress without their former coping mechanisms or Zee’s supportive presence.

    3. How does the chapter portray the concept of “dubious luxuries” in relation to Cyrus’s recovery journey?

    Answer:
    The chapter references an AA concept that normal people can afford “dubious luxuries” like self-pity and resentment, but for alcoholics, these emotions are poison. Cyrus finds himself indulging in these very emotions—wallowing in self-pity after the bed-wetting incident and resentment toward his fractured relationships. This internal conflict highlights his shaky commitment to recovery principles. The passage reveals his intellectual understanding of recovery concepts (“he remembered it called them ‘the grouch and the brainstorm’”), yet his emotional state makes him question their efficacy, demonstrating the ongoing tension between recovery dogma and lived experience.

    4. What does Cyrus’s interaction with the hotel staff reveal about his character and current psychological state?

    Answer:
    Cyrus’s meticulous handling of the bed-wetting aftermath—leaving $40 for the maid with an apologetic note, deliberating over the amount—reveals both his enduring conscientiousness and profound isolation. While he performs considerate actions, he does so without human connection, wincing at his own awkward gesture. The front desk interaction with Hua underscores his emotional vulnerability; when asked “Did you make anything cool while you were here?” instead of a standard hotel query, Cyrus is caught off guard—perhaps because his creative stagnation and emotional turmoil make the question painfully ironic. These interactions emphasize how even routine exchanges feel destabilizing in his fragile state.

    5. How does the author use physical sensations and imagery to convey Cyrus’s emotional experience in this chapter?

    Answer:
    The chapter masterfully employs physical sensations to mirror emotional states. Cyrus wakes to “cold, heavy, wet”—sensations that immediately translate to emotional weight. The “lakewater flooding into a sinking car” metaphor viscerally conveys his overwhelming shame. Later, shower imagery shifts from his usual dream fragments (a girl with a black coin, a pink lamb) to barren emptiness—”all he saw was the backs of his eyes”—symbolizing creative and emotional drought. The “scalding” coffee he drinks without care reflects his numbness to physical discomfort amid psychological pain. These sensory details create a visceral portrait of depression where bodily and emotional experiences blur.

    Note