Cover of Martyr!
    Poetry

    Martyr!

    by Kaveh Akbar
    “Martyr!” by Kaveh Akbar follows Cyrus Shams, a first-generation Iranian American poet grappling with addiction, grief, and identity after his mother’s death in a U.S. government-related plane bombing. The novel traces Cyrus’s journey as he seeks meaning through art, faith, and encounters with figures like a terminally ill artist in the Brooklyn Museum. Themes of legacy, sacrifice, and the immigrant experience are explored through Cyrus’s introspective quest, blending personal tragedy with broader existential questions. Akbar’s debut novel is noted for its lyrical prose and examination of how individuals navigate pain and purpose.

    Cyrus Shams meets Zee Novak at a Brook­lyn café called Day­light, brav­ing the cold for an out­door con­ver­sa­tion. His mind races after a puz­zling encounter with Orkideh, who inex­plic­a­bly ref­er­enced his mother’s death in a plane crash—a detail he nev­er shared with her. The café patio buzzes with activ­i­ty: a woman smokes ele­gant­ly, beard­ed men ignore their drinks, and a wait­er nav­i­gates the chaos. Cyrus hopes Zee will help him break his cycli­cal thoughts about Orkideh’s cryp­tic knowl­edge, sig­nal­ing urgency through their cod­ed text exchange for a “quick chat.”

    While wait­ing, Cyrus exchanges texts with his spon­sor, Gabe, con­firm­ing his sobri­ety and grap­pling with unre­solved anger. He reflects on how chil­dren of deceased par­ents often test the remain­ing caregiver’s loy­al­ty, real­iz­ing he’s pro­ject­ed this dynam­ic onto Gabe, a “griz­zled mid­west­ern John Wayne” fig­ure. The irony isn’t lost on him—his mother’s absence is abstract, yet he clings to Gabe as a sta­bi­liz­ing force. Scrolling news, he sees Pres­i­dent Invec­tive (a mock­ing nick­name he and Zee use) shak­ing hands with busi­ness­men, reignit­ing his dis­dain for the leader’s per­for­ma­tive infal­li­bil­i­ty.

    Cyrus cri­tiques West­ern leadership’s obses­sion with god­like cer­tain­ty, draw­ing par­al­lels to reli­gious fig­ures like Jesus and Muham­mad, who open­ly doubt­ed. He imag­ines a leader who admits fallibility—a rad­i­cal con­cept in a cul­ture that rewards unwa­ver­ing con­vic­tion. This ties to his per­son­al strug­gle: his “mar­tyr book” project reflects a desire to live per­fect­ly, leav­ing no emo­tion­al wreck­age. The irony is pal­pa­ble; he resists the very sys­tems he’s inter­nal­ized, yearn­ing for authen­tic­i­ty in a world that glo­ri­fies rigid cer­tain­ty.

    As Zee remains absent, Cyrus recalls his father’s sto­ries about his mother’s insa­tiable curiosity—her note­book filled with answers researched at the library. The mem­o­ry con­trasts sharply with his present tur­moil, under­scor­ing his long­ing for clar­i­ty. Sur­round­ed by Brooklyn’s bustling beau­ty, he waits, sus­pend­ed between past grief and present uncer­tain­ty, the aro­ma of cof­fee and bread a fleet­ing com­fort in his unrav­el­ing thoughts.

    FAQs

    • 1. How does Cyrus’s interaction with his sponsor Gabe reveal his psychological state and relationship patterns?

      Answer:
      The text exchange between Cyrus and Gabe reveals Cyrus’s complex emotional state and attachment patterns. Despite being annoyed with Gabe, Cyrus acknowledges he’s “not really” mad, showing his awareness of testing relationships like a child testing a parent’s unconditional love (page 207). This mirrors the psychological phenomenon where children who lose a parent often act out against the remaining caregiver. Cyrus recognizes he’s unconsciously cast Gabe in a father-figure role, demonstrating both self-awareness and his deep need for stable relationships. The interaction also shows his sobriety maintenance through this important connection.

      2. Analyze how Cyrus’s critique of “President Invective” reflects broader themes about leadership and Western ideology.

      Answer:
      Cyrus’s critique connects several profound themes (pages 207-208). He argues Western leadership ideals stem from notions of an infallible Christian God, where leaders must project absolute certainty rather than human doubt. He contrasts this with prophets like Muhammad and Jesus who openly expressed doubt. Cyrus particularly condemns how this culture enables leaders like “President Invective” - wealthy, unaccountable figures whose confidence outweighs their competence. His geographical critique (“west of what?”) further challenges Eurocentric worldviews. This analysis reveals Cyrus’s deep philosophical engagement with power structures and his frustration with political systems that reward certainty over truth.

      3. What significance does Cyrus’s memory of his mother’s notebook hold in understanding his character?

      Answer:
      The notebook memory (page 209) reveals crucial aspects of Cyrus’s character and trauma. His mother’s meticulous research habits (“Why do fireflies glow?”) demonstrate intellectual curiosity he likely inherited. More importantly, this memory represents one of his few tangible connections to his deceased mother, making it emotionally precious. The scientific explanations (photocytes, erosion) contrast with his current mystical experiences (Orkideh’s knowledge, possible divine communication), showing his tension between rational and spiritual worldviews. This memory also underscores his loss - while he knows facts she researched, he lacks personal memories of her.

      4. How does the chapter portray Cyrus’s internal conflict regarding martyrdom and perfection?

      Answer:
      The chapter reveals Cyrus’s martyrdom complex through his Olympic diver metaphor (page 208) - wanting to die “without creating a ripple,” perfectly. This reflects his desire to achieve painless martyrdom, avoiding the messy consequences of existence. However, his critique of infallible leaders shows he recognizes the fallacy of perfection. His anger at politicians who can’t admit mistakes mirrors his own struggle - he wants personal perfection while intellectually knowing it’s impossible. This conflict between his ideal (splashless disappearance) and reality (human doubt and complexity) drives much of his psychological tension throughout the chapter.

    Quotes

    • 1. “It was excruciating, now, for Cyrus to think of himself as the unwitting subject of the same predictable psychic tempests as every other human on the planet.”

      This quote captures Cyrus’s painful realization of his own universal human vulnerabilities, particularly his unconscious patterns of testing relationships due to childhood loss. It reflects the chapter’s exploration of grief and psychological patterns.

      2. “Only in a culture that privileged infallibility above all else could a man like President Invective rise to power—a man insulated since birth from any sense of accountability, raised in a pristine cocoon of inherited wealth to emerge pristine, dewy, wholly unsullied by those irksome mortal foibles, grief and doubt.”

      This scathing critique of political leadership connects to the chapter’s central theme about the problematic Western ideal of infallible leadership. It contrasts sharply with the subsequent discussion of prophets who openly doubted.

      3. “Even Jesus doubted, his moment of ‘eloi eloi lama sabachthani’ on the cross, incredulous with grief and doubt at his own suffering… Or Muhammad who, being told to transcribe God’s word by a literal archangel, protested to Gabriel again and again that he could not write.”

      This powerful comparison highlights the chapter’s argument that true spiritual leaders throughout history have shown doubt, contrasting with modern political leaders who feign absolute certainty.

      4. “He wanted to live perfectly enough to die without creating a ripple of pain behind him, like an Olympic diver knifing splashlessly into the pool.”

      This poetic metaphor reveals Cyrus’s personal struggle with perfectionism and his martyr book project, connecting the political themes to his personal psychology in a vivid, memorable image.

    Quotes

    1. “It was excruciating, now, for Cyrus to think of himself as the unwitting subject of the same predictable psychic tempests as every other human on the planet.”

    This quote captures Cyrus’s painful realization of his own universal human vulnerabilities, particularly his unconscious patterns of testing relationships due to childhood loss. It reflects the chapter’s exploration of grief and psychological patterns.

    2. “Only in a culture that privileged infallibility above all else could a man like President Invective rise to power—a man insulated since birth from any sense of accountability, raised in a pristine cocoon of inherited wealth to emerge pristine, dewy, wholly unsullied by those irksome mortal foibles, grief and doubt.”

    This scathing critique of political leadership connects to the chapter’s central theme about the problematic Western ideal of infallible leadership. It contrasts sharply with the subsequent discussion of prophets who openly doubted.

    3. “Even Jesus doubted, his moment of ‘eloi eloi lama sabachthani’ on the cross, incredulous with grief and doubt at his own suffering… Or Muhammad who, being told to transcribe God’s word by a literal archangel, protested to Gabriel again and again that he could not write.”

    This powerful comparison highlights the chapter’s argument that true spiritual leaders throughout history have shown doubt, contrasting with modern political leaders who feign absolute certainty.

    4. “He wanted to live perfectly enough to die without creating a ripple of pain behind him, like an Olympic diver knifing splashlessly into the pool.”

    This poetic metaphor reveals Cyrus’s personal struggle with perfectionism and his martyr book project, connecting the political themes to his personal psychology in a vivid, memorable image.

    FAQs

    1. How does Cyrus’s interaction with his sponsor Gabe reveal his psychological state and relationship patterns?

    Answer:
    The text exchange between Cyrus and Gabe reveals Cyrus’s complex emotional state and attachment patterns. Despite being annoyed with Gabe, Cyrus acknowledges he’s “not really” mad, showing his awareness of testing relationships like a child testing a parent’s unconditional love (page 207). This mirrors the psychological phenomenon where children who lose a parent often act out against the remaining caregiver. Cyrus recognizes he’s unconsciously cast Gabe in a father-figure role, demonstrating both self-awareness and his deep need for stable relationships. The interaction also shows his sobriety maintenance through this important connection.

    2. Analyze how Cyrus’s critique of “President Invective” reflects broader themes about leadership and Western ideology.

    Answer:
    Cyrus’s critique connects several profound themes (pages 207-208). He argues Western leadership ideals stem from notions of an infallible Christian God, where leaders must project absolute certainty rather than human doubt. He contrasts this with prophets like Muhammad and Jesus who openly expressed doubt. Cyrus particularly condemns how this culture enables leaders like “President Invective” - wealthy, unaccountable figures whose confidence outweighs their competence. His geographical critique (“west of what?”) further challenges Eurocentric worldviews. This analysis reveals Cyrus’s deep philosophical engagement with power structures and his frustration with political systems that reward certainty over truth.

    3. What significance does Cyrus’s memory of his mother’s notebook hold in understanding his character?

    Answer:
    The notebook memory (page 209) reveals crucial aspects of Cyrus’s character and trauma. His mother’s meticulous research habits (“Why do fireflies glow?”) demonstrate intellectual curiosity he likely inherited. More importantly, this memory represents one of his few tangible connections to his deceased mother, making it emotionally precious. The scientific explanations (photocytes, erosion) contrast with his current mystical experiences (Orkideh’s knowledge, possible divine communication), showing his tension between rational and spiritual worldviews. This memory also underscores his loss - while he knows facts she researched, he lacks personal memories of her.

    4. How does the chapter portray Cyrus’s internal conflict regarding martyrdom and perfection?

    Answer:
    The chapter reveals Cyrus’s martyrdom complex through his Olympic diver metaphor (page 208) - wanting to die “without creating a ripple,” perfectly. This reflects his desire to achieve painless martyrdom, avoiding the messy consequences of existence. However, his critique of infallible leaders shows he recognizes the fallacy of perfection. His anger at politicians who can’t admit mistakes mirrors his own struggle - he wants personal perfection while intellectually knowing it’s impossible. This conflict between his ideal (splashless disappearance) and reality (human doubt and complexity) drives much of his psychological tension throughout the chapter.

    Note