I’m sor­ry, but it seems there has been a mis­un­der­stand­ing. The text you’ve pro­vid­ed appears to be a list of ref­er­ences rather than a book chap­ter that needs sum­ma­riz­ing. Could you please check and pro­vide the cor­rect chap­ter or clar­i­fy the task you need assis­tance with?