• Chapter Thirteen: France _1916 Cover
      by testsuphomeAdmin In 1916, as the United States prepared to enter World War I, its military was underdeveloped but its telecommunication sector, led by companies like American Telephone & Telegraph, was flourishing. The process for making a phone call was different from today; users relied on operators, who connected calls using intricate signaling systems. When the U.S. decided to join the war, they enlisted AT&T to provide essential telecom equipment but also required trained operators, predominantly women, to manage…
    • Chapter Eight: Katharine Lee Bates _Chicago, 1890s Cover
      by testsuphomeAdmin In the context of the 1890s, when the U.S. faced a severe economic downturn known as the Great Depression, societal unrest fueled growing nativist sentiments and led to restrictive immigration laws, particularly against Asian immigrants. As corruption peaked in Washington, Grover Cleveland was reelected president, promising to root it out. Amidst these challenges, Chicago prepared to host the World’s Columbian Exposition in 1893, celebrating Columbus, a figure personified as “Columbia” — a female…
    • Chapter Nine: Inez Milholland_New York, 1910 Cover
      by testsuphomeAdmin In "Chapter Nine: Inez Milholland," the narrative revolves around the vibrant personality of Inez Milholland, a young woman of striking beauty and intelligence, who emerged as a prominent figure in the women’s suffrage movement in early 20th-century America. As the chapter unfolds in New York in 1910, Inez is depicted as an audacious and modern woman who defied the traditional roles of femininity shaped by the Gilded Age's cult of domesticity. Educated at Vassar College, her ambitions extended beyond…
    • Chapter Ten: Maria de Lopez_California, 1911 Cover
      by testsuphomeAdmin In 1911, Maria Guadalupe Evangelina de Lopez took to the streets of California, standing atop her car in the plaza, advocating for women's suffrage in Spanish, making her a unique voice in the movement. Known simply as Maria, she was a product of the San Gabriel Valley, where her father, a Mexican immigrant and blacksmith, had originally bought an adobe house by the San Gabriel Mission. Unlike the traditional image of women at the time, Maria, or Lupe as she often went by, was highly educated, likely the…
    • Chapter Five: Henrico County_Virginia, 1907 Cover
      by testsuphomeAdmin **Chapter Five: Henrico County, Virginia, 1907 - The Small and the Mighty** In Henrico County, Jackson Davis, influenced by Booker T. Washington's educational philosophy, reached out to the Jeanes Fund to support Black education. Washington, renowned as a Black educator, advocated for self-help and practical skills over protests, hoping to gradually improve the economic status of Black citizens. Davis proposed to use the funded salary for Virginia Randolph, a supervising teacher who exemplified the…
    • Chapter Six: Katharine Lee Bates _Cape Cod, 1859 Cover
      by testsuphomeAdmin In Chapter Six titled "Katharine Lee Bates," we learn about the early life of Katharine Lee Bates, born in 1859 to Cornelia and a father, who, shortly after her birth, succumbed to a painful ailment. Katharine, or Katie as she was often called, was the youngest of four children, her family deeply rooted in a lineage of writers and poets tracing back to the 1400s. Despite the challenges of her family's circumstances post her father's death, her mother Cornelia worked tirelessly to support the family while…
    • Chapter Seven: Katharine Lee Bates_England, 1880s Cover
      by testsuphomeAdmin In the chapter titled "Katharine Lee Bates," set in England during the 1880s, Katie embarks on a difficult voyage aboard the *State of Nebraska*, arriving bruised and melancholy after parting from her loved ones. Despite her challenging journey, she finds solace in exploring English libraries and the picturesque countryside, discovering a room in the British Museum bearing her surname, where her own book, *Rose and Thorn*, brings her delight. As she wanders through Gothic cathedrals, she grapples with her…
    • Chapter Two: Bleeding Kansas_1850s Cover
      by testsuphomeAdmin ### Chapter Two: Bleeding Kansas | 1850s, The Small and the Mighty In this chapter, a historical examination reveals the profound impact of Andrew Jackson’s presidency, particularly through the lens of the infamously flawed Dred Scott Supreme Court decision of 1857. Dred Scott, an enslaved man from Missouri, asserted his claim to freedom after being taken to free territories. However, the Supreme Court, led by Chief Justice Roger Taney, ruled that he lacked standing in court since all African Americans,…
    • Chapter Three: Clara Brown_Colorado, 1870s Cover
      by testsuphomeAdmin Clara Brown lived amidst the turmoil of the 1850s, feeling the absence of her daughter Eliza, whom she yearned to find. Residing in Missouri and Kansas, she was reminded daily of her plight and the sentiments reinforced by Roger Taney’s ruling that she was not a citizen. Amidst the chaos of Bleeding Kansas, the allure of the Colorado gold rush sparked her imagination. Clara resolved to head west, inspired by a belief that Eliza might also seek opportunity there. By the spring of 1859, Clara joined a…
    • Chapter Four: Virginia Randolph_Virginia, 1890 Cover
      by testsuphomeAdmin **Chapter Four: Virginia Randolph | Virginia, 1890, The Small and the Mighty** Virginia stood at the back of the church, her serious, spectacled face focused on the preacher, who passionately rallied the congregation against a system that relegated African American children to second-class education. As parents expressed their determination to sign a petition, urging for change, Virginia felt the weight of her dual existence—being seen as a double agent among her peers while trying to fulfill her role…
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