You are being pro­vid­ed with a book chap­ter by chap­ter. I will request you to read the book for me after each chap­ter. After read­ing the chap­ter, 1. short­en the chap­ter to no less than 300 words and no more than 400 words. 2. Do not change the name, address, or any impor­tant nouns in the chap­ter. 3. Do not trans­late the orig­i­nal lan­guage. 4. Keep the same style as the orig­i­nal chap­ter, keep it con­sis­tent through­out the chap­ter. Your reply must com­ply with all four require­ments, or it’s invalid.
I will pro­vide the chap­ter now.

Praise for The Body Keeps the Score
“This book is a tour de force. Its deeply empath­ic, insight­ful, and
com­pas­sion­ate per­spec­tive promis­es to fur­ther human­ize the treat­ment of
trau­ma vic­tims, dra­mat­i­cal­ly expand their reper­toire of self-reg­u­la­to­ry
heal­ing prac­tices and ther­a­peu­tic options, and also stim­u­late greater cre­ative
think­ing and research on trau­ma and its effec­tive treat­ment. The body does
keep the score, and Van der Kolk’s abil­i­ty to demon­strate this through
com­pelling descrip­tions of the work of oth­ers, his own pio­neer­ing tra­jec­to­ry
and expe­ri­ence as the field evolved and him along with it, and above all, his
dis­cov­ery of ways to work skill­ful­ly with peo­ple by bring­ing mind­ful­ness to
the body (as well as to their thoughts and emo­tions) through yoga,
move­ment, and the­ater are a won­der­ful and wel­come breath of fresh air and
pos­si­bil­i­ty in the ther­a­py world.”
—Jon Kabat-Zinn, pro­fes­sor of med­i­cine emer­i­tus, UMass Med­ical School;
author of Full Cat­a­stro­phe Liv­ing
“This excep­tion­al book will be a clas­sic of mod­ern psy­chi­atric thought. The
impact of over­whelm­ing expe­ri­ence can only be tru­ly under­stood when
many dis­parate domains of knowl­edge, such as neu­ro­science,
devel­op­men­tal psy­chopathol­o­gy, and inter­per­son­al neu­ro­bi­ol­o­gy are
inte­grat­ed, as this work unique­ly does. There is no oth­er vol­ume in the field
of trau­mat­ic stress that has dis­tilled these domains of sci­ence with such rich
his­tor­i­cal and clin­i­cal per­spec­tives, and arrived at such inno­v­a­tive treat­ment
approach­es. The clar­i­ty of vision and breadth of wis­dom of this unique but
high­ly acces­si­ble work is remark­able. This book is essen­tial read­ing for
any­one inter­est­ed in under­stand­ing and treat­ing trau­mat­ic stress and the
scope of its impact on soci­ety.”
—Alexan­der McFar­lane AO, MB BS (Hons) MD FRANZCP, direc­tor of the
Cen­tre for Trau­mat­ic Stress Stud­ies, The Uni­ver­si­ty of Ade­laide, South
Aus­tralia.
“This is an amaz­ing accom­plish­ment from the neu­ro­sci­en­tist most
respon­si­ble for the con­tem­po­rary rev­o­lu­tion in men­tal health toward the
recog­ni­tion that so many men­tal prob­lems are the prod­uct of trau­ma. With
the com­pelling writ­ing of a good nov­el­ist, van der Kolk revis­its his
fas­ci­nat­ing jour­ney of dis­cov­ery that has chal­lenged estab­lished wis­dom in
psy­chi­a­try. Inter­spersed with that nar­ra­tive are clear and under­stand­able
descrip­tions of the neu­ro­bi­ol­o­gy of trau­ma; expla­na­tions of the
inef­fec­tive­ness of tra­di­tion­al approach­es to treat­ing trau­ma; and
intro­duc­tions to the approach­es that take patients beneath their cog­ni­tive
minds to heal the parts of them that remained frozen in the past. All this is
illus­trat­ed vivid­ly with dra­mat­ic case his­to­ries and sub­stan­ti­at­ed with
con­vinc­ing research. This is a water­shed book that will be remem­bered as
tip­ping the scales with­in psy­chi­a­try and the cul­ture at large toward the
recog­ni­tion of the toll trau­mat­ic events and our attempts to deny their
impact take on us all.”
—Richard Schwartz, orig­i­na­tor, Inter­nal Fam­i­ly Sys­tems Ther­a­py
“The Body Keeps the Score is clear, fas­ci­nat­ing, hard to put down, and filled
with pow­er­ful case his­to­ries. Van der Kolk, the emi­nent impre­sario of
trau­ma treat­ment, who has spent a career bring­ing togeth­er diverse trau­ma
sci­en­tists and clin­i­cians and their ideas, while mak­ing his own piv­otal
con­tri­bu­tions, describes what is arguably the most impor­tant series of
break­throughs in men­tal health in the last thir­ty years. We’ve known that
psy­cho­log­i­cal trau­ma frag­ments the mind. Here we see not only how
psy­cho­log­i­cal trau­ma also breaks con­nec­tions with­in the brain, but also
between mind and body, and learn about the excit­ing new approach­es that
allow peo­ple with the sever­est forms of trau­ma to put all the parts back
togeth­er again.”
—Nor­man Doidge, author of The Brain That Changes Itself
“In The Body Keeps the Score we share the author’s coura­geous jour­ney
into the par­al­lel dis­so­cia­tive worlds of trau­ma vic­tims and the med­ical and
psy­cho­log­i­cal dis­ci­plines that are meant to pro­vide relief. In this com­pelling
book we learn that as our minds des­per­ate­ly try to leave trau­ma behind, our
bod­ies keep us trapped in the past with word­less emo­tions and feel­ings.
These inner dis­con­nec­tions cas­cade into rup­tures in social rela­tion­ships
with dis­as­trous effects on mar­riages, fam­i­lies, and friend­ships. Van der
Kolk offers hope by describ­ing treat­ments and strate­gies that have
suc­cess­ful­ly helped his patients recon­nect their thoughts with their bod­ies.
We leave this shared jour­ney under­stand­ing that only through fos­ter­ing self-
aware­ness and gain­ing an inner sense of safe­ty will we, as a species, ful­ly
expe­ri­ence the rich­ness of life.
—Stephen W. Porges, PhD, pro­fes­sor of psy­chi­a­try, Uni­ver­si­ty of North Car­oli­na
at Chapel Hill; author of The Poly­va­gal The­o­ry: Neu­ro­phys­i­o­log­i­cal
Foun­da­tions of Emo­tions, Attach­ment, Com­mu­ni­ca­tion, and Self-Reg­u­la­tion
“Bessel van der Kolk is unequaled in his abil­i­ty to syn­the­size the stun­ning
devel­op­ments in the field of psy­cho­log­i­cal trau­ma over the past few
decades. Thanks in part to his work, psy­cho­log­i­cal trauma—ranging from
chron­ic child abuse and neglect, to war trau­ma and nat­ur­al disasters—is
now gen­er­al­ly rec­og­nized as a major cause of indi­vid­ual, social, and
cul­tur­al break­down. In this mas­ter­ful­ly lucid and engag­ing tour de force,
Van der Kolk takes us—both spe­cial­ists and the gen­er­al pub­lic— on his
per­son­al jour­ney and shows what he has learned from his research, from his
col­leagues and stu­dents, and, most impor­tant, from his patients. The Body
Keeps the Score is, sim­ply put, bril­liant.”
—Onno van der Hart, PhD, Utrecht Uni­ver­si­ty, The Nether­lands; senior author,
The Haunt­ed Self: Struc­tur­al Dis­so­ci­a­tion and the Treat­ment of Chron­ic
Trauma­ti­za­tion
“The Body Keeps the Score artic­u­lates new and bet­ter ther­a­pies for tox­ic
stress based on a deep under­stand­ing of the effects of trau­ma on brain
devel­op­ment and attach­ment sys­tems. This vol­ume pro­vides a mov­ing
sum­ma­ry of what is cur­rent­ly known about the effects of trau­ma on
indi­vid­u­als and soci­eties, and intro­duces the heal­ing poten­tial of both age-
old and nov­el approach­es to help trau­ma­tized chil­dren and adults ful­ly
engage in the present.”
—Jes­si­ca Stern, pol­i­cy con­sul­tant on ter­ror­ism; author of Denial: A Mem­oir of
Ter­ror
“A book about under­stand­ing the impact of trau­ma by one of the true
pio­neers in the field. It is a rare book that inte­grates cut­ting edge
neu­ro­science with wis­dom and under­stand­ing about the expe­ri­ence and
mean­ing of trau­ma, for peo­ple who have suf­fered from it. Like its author,
this book is wise and com­pas­sion­ate, occa­sion­al­ly quite provoca­tive, and
always inter­est­ing.”
—Glenn N. Saxe, MD, Arnold Simon Pro­fes­sor and chair­man, Depart­ment of
Child and Ado­les­cent Psy­chi­a­try; direc­tor, NYU Child Study Cen­ter, New York
Uni­ver­si­ty School of Med­i­cine.
“A fas­ci­nat­ing explo­ration of a wide range of ther­a­peu­tic treat­ments shows
read­ers how to take charge of the heal­ing process, gain a sense of safe­ty,
and find their way out of the morass of suf­fer­ing.”
—Francine Shapiro, PhD, orig­i­na­tor of EMDR ther­a­py; senior research fel­low,
Emer­i­tus Men­tal Research Insti­tute; author of Get­ting Past Your Past
“As an attach­ment researcher I know that infants are psy­chobi­o­log­i­cal
beings. They are as much of the body as they are of the brain. With­out
lan­guage or sym­bols infants use every one of their bio­log­i­cal sys­tems to
make mean­ing of their self in rela­tion to the world of things and peo­ple.
Van der Kolk shows that those very same sys­tems con­tin­ue to oper­ate at
every age, and that trau­mat­ic expe­ri­ences, espe­cial­ly chron­ic tox­ic
expe­ri­ence dur­ing ear­ly devel­op­ment, pro­duce psy­chic dev­as­ta­tion. With
this under­stand­ing he pro­vides insight and guid­ance for sur­vivors,
researchers, and clin­i­cians alike. Bessel van der Kolk may focus on the
body and trau­ma, but what a mind he must have to have writ­ten this book.”
—Ed Tron­ick, dis­tin­guished pro­fes­sor, Uni­ver­si­ty of Mass­a­chu­setts, Boston;
author of Neu­robe­hav­ior and Social Emo­tion­al Devel­op­ment of Infants and
Young Chil­dren
“The Body Keeps the Score elo­quent­ly artic­u­lates how over­whelm­ing
expe­ri­ences affect the devel­op­ment of brain, mind, and body aware­ness, all
of which are close­ly inter­twined. The result­ing derail­ments have a pro­found
impact on the capac­i­ty for love and work. This rich inte­gra­tion of clin­i­cal
case exam­ples with ground break­ing sci­en­tif­ic stud­ies pro­vides us with a
new under­stand­ing of trau­ma, which inevitably leads to the explo­ration of
nov­el ther­a­peu­tic approach­es that ‘rewire’ the brain, and help trau­ma­tized
peo­ple to reen­gage in the present. This book will pro­vide trau­ma­tized
indi­vid­u­als with a guide to heal­ing and per­ma­nent­ly change how
psy­chol­o­gists and psy­chi­a­trists think about trau­ma and recov­ery.”
—Ruth A. Lanius, MD, PhD, Har­ris-Wood­man chair in Psy­che and Soma,
pro­fes­sor of psy­chi­a­try, and direc­tor PTSD research at the Uni­ver­si­ty of West­ern
Ontario; author of The Impact of Ear­ly Life Trau­ma on Health and Dis­ease