Small Great Things

    by

    Picoult, Jodi

    Jodi Picoult’s Small Great Things (2016) explores themes of race, privilege, and justice through the story of Ruth Jefferson, an African American labor and delivery nurse accused of causing the death of a white supremacist couple’s newborn. The novel alternates perspectives between Ruth, the infant’s father Turk Bauer, and Ruth’s public defender Kennedy McQuarrie, revealing systemic racism and personal biases. Inspired by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.’s quote about doing “small things in a great way,” the narrative examines moral dilemmas and societal structures. The book has been praised for its thought-provoking examination of contemporary racial tensions and is being adapted into a film.

    The chap­ter opens with Turk Bauer recount­ing a trau­mat­ic child­hood event: the death of his old­er broth­er Tan­ner in a car acci­dent caused by a Black man. The court­room scene reveals Turk’s vis­cer­al racism, as he fix­ates on the defen­dan­t’s skin col­or and describes his moth­er’s out­burst when the tri­al ends in a hung jury. This for­ma­tive expe­ri­ence sets the stage for Turk’s entrenched prej­u­dices, which are fur­ther shaped by his fam­i­ly’s dis­in­te­gra­tion after the tragedy—his father leaves, his moth­er turns to alco­holism, and he is left in the care of his grand­fa­ther.

    Turk’s present-day nar­ra­tive fol­lows him and his preg­nant wife, Brit, as they rush to the hos­pi­tal dur­ing her labor. Their dia­logue reveals their white suprema­cist ide­ol­o­gy, with ref­er­ences to the “Move­ment” and their desire to raise a “war­rior” for their race. Turk’s inter­nal mono­logue oscil­lates between pride in Brit’s strength and fear that their child will be cor­rupt­ed by the world. The cou­ple’s ban­ter about nam­ing their child after com­ic book char­ac­ters con­trasts stark­ly with their extrem­ist beliefs, high­light­ing their warped world­view.

    The chap­ter then delves into Turk’s back­sto­ry, explain­ing how his grand­fa­ther took over his upbring­ing after his par­ents’ col­lapse. His grand­fa­ther, a Viet­nam vet­er­an, indoc­tri­nates Turk with sur­vival­ist skills and racist war sto­ries, fram­ing the world as a hos­tile place. A piv­otal moment occurs when his grand­fa­ther aban­dons him dur­ing a camp­ing trip in freez­ing con­di­tions, forc­ing Turk to fend for him­self. This cru­el “les­son” rein­forces Turk’s dis­trust of oth­ers and his belief in self-reliance, fur­ther solid­i­fy­ing his extrem­ist mind­set.

    The chap­ter con­cludes with Turk’s des­per­ate attempt to sur­vive in the wilder­ness after his grand­fa­ther’s aban­don­ment. With min­i­mal resources, he resorts to shoplift­ing gloves and a hat from a gas sta­tion, show­cas­ing his resource­ful­ness but also his moral decay. This event serves as a metaphor for Turk’s life trajectory—abandoned by fam­i­ly, hard­ened by adver­si­ty, and left to nav­i­gate a world he views as inher­ent­ly threat­en­ing. The chap­ter paints a chill­ing por­trait of how trau­ma and indoc­tri­na­tion inter­twine to shape a racist world­view.

    FAQs

    • 1. How does Turk’s childhood trauma shape his worldview and racial attitudes?

      Answer:
      Turk’s worldview is profoundly shaped by the death of his brother Tanner, which he associates with his first encounter with a Black man. The courtroom experience—where the defendant was acquitted—and his mother’s visceral reaction cemented his racial prejudice. This trauma is compounded by his family’s disintegration afterward, leaving him vulnerable to his grandfather’s extremist ideologies. The chapter shows how personal tragedy becomes racialized hatred, as Turk conflates his grief with racial animosity, illustrating how trauma can distort perceptions when left unprocessed (pages 22–23).

      2. Analyze the significance of Brit’s characterization in this chapter. How does she embody the ideals of the “Movement”?

      Answer:
      Brit is portrayed as a symbol of white supremacist ideals—both physically (“the prettiest girl”) and ideologically (“royalty in the Movement”). Her toughness during labor mirrors the Movement’s valorization of strength and purity. The reference to her violent reaction to a “beaner” (a slur for Latinos) underscores her ingrained racism. Her role as a mother-to-be also reflects the group’s focus on racial propagation, as Turk describes their child as a future “warrior.” Her character embodies the Movement’s intersection of traditional gender roles and racial extremism (pages 23–24).

      3. How does Turk’s grandfather contribute to his radicalization?

      Answer:
      Turk’s grandfather exploits his vulnerability after Tanner’s death to indoctrinate him. His “Basic Training” mixes survival skills with dehumanizing war stories about Vietnamese people (“gooks”), framing non-whites as threats. The cruel abandonment during the camping trip serves as a twisted test of resilience, reinforcing a worldview where trust is scarce and strength is paramount. This mentorship replaces familial stability with extremist ideology, showing how isolation and militaristic conditioning can foster radicalization (pages 24–25).

      4. What internal conflict does Turk experience regarding fatherhood, and why is it significant?

      Answer:
      Turk oscillates between pride (“equal parts triumph”) and fear that his child will be “tainted” by a world he views as corrupt. This reflects the Movement’s paradoxical goal of racial purity amid perceived societal decay. His anxiety reveals a rare moment of doubt—suggesting that even indoctrinated individuals grapple with the consequences of their beliefs when faced with real-life stakes (e.g., naming the child after comic heroes hints at a desire for normalcy). This tension humanizes Turk while underscoring the destructive nature of his ideology (page 23).

      5. How does the author use language to emphasize Turk’s extremist perspective?

      Answer:
      The narrative employs dehumanizing slurs (“nigger,” “beaner,” “gooks”) to reflect Turk’s lexicon. Violent imagery (spitting, knocking out teeth) reinforces his association of strength with aggression. Religious metaphors (“angels of this race war”) and militaristic terms (“warrior,” “soldiers”) sanctify his beliefs. The contrast between Britt’s “flame-blue eyes” (idealized whiteness) and the defendant’s “electric” teeth (othered Blackness) further underscores his racialized worldview. These linguistic choices immerse readers in Turk’s psyche, exposing the rhetoric of extremism (pages 22–24).

    Quotes

    • 1. “THE FIRST NIGGER I ever met killed my older brother… The jury couldn’t reach a verdict—hung, they called it—and so this man was free to go.”

      This opening quote establishes Turk’s deep-seated racial trauma and the origin of his prejudice. The visceral language and unjust outcome frame his worldview, showing how a personal tragedy became racially charged.

      2. “For years, I was taught that God needs soldiers… But now that Brit and I are here, in this moment, about to bring a baby into the world, I’m filled with equal parts triumph and terror.”

      This reveals the central conflict in Turk’s ideology - his white supremacist indoctrination versus his paternal fears. The quote captures his cognitive dissonance about bringing a child into what he sees as a “tainted” world.

      3. “Gramps was a vet who had never stopped fighting a war… It was sort of like Boy Scouts, except that my grandfather’s lessons were punctuated by stories of the gooks he fought in Vietnam.”

      This quote demonstrates how Turk’s racist worldview was systematically cultivated by his grandfather’s militarized, dehumanizing “training.” The comparison to Boy Scouts highlights how extremist ideology was normalized through childhood experiences.

      4. “He’d left with my backpack, my sleeping bag, and the tent… I waited until another customer pulled into the gas station and then, when the cashier was occupied, I shoplifted a pair of gloves.”

      This pivotal moment shows Turk’s abandonment and initiation into survival mentality. The harsh “lesson” from his grandfather foreshadows his later extremist development, where perceived betrayal hardens into radicalization.

    Quotes

    1. “THE FIRST NIGGER I ever met killed my older brother… The jury couldn’t reach a verdict—hung, they called it—and so this man was free to go.”

    This opening quote establishes Turk’s deep-seated racial trauma and the origin of his prejudice. The visceral language and unjust outcome frame his worldview, showing how a personal tragedy became racially charged.

    2. “For years, I was taught that God needs soldiers… But now that Brit and I are here, in this moment, about to bring a baby into the world, I’m filled with equal parts triumph and terror.”

    This reveals the central conflict in Turk’s ideology - his white supremacist indoctrination versus his paternal fears. The quote captures his cognitive dissonance about bringing a child into what he sees as a “tainted” world.

    3. “Gramps was a vet who had never stopped fighting a war… It was sort of like Boy Scouts, except that my grandfather’s lessons were punctuated by stories of the gooks he fought in Vietnam.”

    This quote demonstrates how Turk’s racist worldview was systematically cultivated by his grandfather’s militarized, dehumanizing “training.” The comparison to Boy Scouts highlights how extremist ideology was normalized through childhood experiences.

    4. “He’d left with my backpack, my sleeping bag, and the tent… I waited until another customer pulled into the gas station and then, when the cashier was occupied, I shoplifted a pair of gloves.”

    This pivotal moment shows Turk’s abandonment and initiation into survival mentality. The harsh “lesson” from his grandfather foreshadows his later extremist development, where perceived betrayal hardens into radicalization.

    FAQs

    1. How does Turk’s childhood trauma shape his worldview and racial attitudes?

    Answer:
    Turk’s worldview is profoundly shaped by the death of his brother Tanner, which he associates with his first encounter with a Black man. The courtroom experience—where the defendant was acquitted—and his mother’s visceral reaction cemented his racial prejudice. This trauma is compounded by his family’s disintegration afterward, leaving him vulnerable to his grandfather’s extremist ideologies. The chapter shows how personal tragedy becomes racialized hatred, as Turk conflates his grief with racial animosity, illustrating how trauma can distort perceptions when left unprocessed (pages 22–23).

    2. Analyze the significance of Brit’s characterization in this chapter. How does she embody the ideals of the “Movement”?

    Answer:
    Brit is portrayed as a symbol of white supremacist ideals—both physically (“the prettiest girl”) and ideologically (“royalty in the Movement”). Her toughness during labor mirrors the Movement’s valorization of strength and purity. The reference to her violent reaction to a “beaner” (a slur for Latinos) underscores her ingrained racism. Her role as a mother-to-be also reflects the group’s focus on racial propagation, as Turk describes their child as a future “warrior.” Her character embodies the Movement’s intersection of traditional gender roles and racial extremism (pages 23–24).

    3. How does Turk’s grandfather contribute to his radicalization?

    Answer:
    Turk’s grandfather exploits his vulnerability after Tanner’s death to indoctrinate him. His “Basic Training” mixes survival skills with dehumanizing war stories about Vietnamese people (“gooks”), framing non-whites as threats. The cruel abandonment during the camping trip serves as a twisted test of resilience, reinforcing a worldview where trust is scarce and strength is paramount. This mentorship replaces familial stability with extremist ideology, showing how isolation and militaristic conditioning can foster radicalization (pages 24–25).

    4. What internal conflict does Turk experience regarding fatherhood, and why is it significant?

    Answer:
    Turk oscillates between pride (“equal parts triumph”) and fear that his child will be “tainted” by a world he views as corrupt. This reflects the Movement’s paradoxical goal of racial purity amid perceived societal decay. His anxiety reveals a rare moment of doubt—suggesting that even indoctrinated individuals grapple with the consequences of their beliefs when faced with real-life stakes (e.g., naming the child after comic heroes hints at a desire for normalcy). This tension humanizes Turk while underscoring the destructive nature of his ideology (page 23).

    5. How does the author use language to emphasize Turk’s extremist perspective?

    Answer:
    The narrative employs dehumanizing slurs (“nigger,” “beaner,” “gooks”) to reflect Turk’s lexicon. Violent imagery (spitting, knocking out teeth) reinforces his association of strength with aggression. Religious metaphors (“angels of this race war”) and militaristic terms (“warrior,” “soldiers”) sanctify his beliefs. The contrast between Britt’s “flame-blue eyes” (idealized whiteness) and the defendant’s “electric” teeth (othered Blackness) further underscores his racialized worldview. These linguistic choices immerse readers in Turk’s psyche, exposing the rhetoric of extremism (pages 22–24).

    Note