Chapter XX -The Compleat Angler

In Chapter XX of “The Compleat Angler,” Piscator shares advice from Doctor Lebault, a learned Frenchman, on constructing fish-ponds, distilled from the comprehensive guidance found in “Maison Rustique.” Lebault’s suggestions commence with preparing the site for the pond head by reinforcing the area with scorched oak or elm piles, a method that extends their durability by preventing rot. Between these foundational structures, smaller woods and earth should be compacted to further strengthen the pond’s boundary. It is crucial that the construction accounts for overflow through a meticulously engineered sluice or floodgate to manage excess water and prevent dam breach.

Lebault also emphasizes the importance of environmental aesthetics and ecological balance around the pond. He proposes planting willows and incorporating structures for fish spawning and protection against predators. Additionally, the location of the pond should be such that it can be naturally refreshed with a stream or rainwater to encourage breeding and ensure the fish have a sweeter taste, attributable to a more dynamic ecosystem.

Ponds with a variety of landscapes, including gravel and shallow areas, are recommended for the well-being of the fish and to enhance their flavor. Such environments afford fish secure retreats from predators and adverse weather conditions. Conversely, an abundance of trees surrounding the pond can be detrimental, as decaying leaves may taint the water and, subsequently, the taste of the fish.

Lebault advises regular maintenance of the pond to promote a healthy and productive aquatic environment. Periodical drying is suggested for weeding and encouraging grass growth, which carps find particularly appetizing. Additionally, pond fauna should be monitored to understand which species flourish, enabling targeted feeding and management practices to bolster their development.

Feeding the fish with suitable scraps, controlling the population of frogs and ducks to protect the fish spawn, and minimizing disturbances such as excessive shooting are also critical aspects of maintaining a fruitful pond. Although Lebault endorses consuming frogs, acknowledging cultural differences, his primary focus remains on fostering a thriving habitat for carps and tenches by mitigating external threats and ensuring adequate nutritional sources.